In a analysis in 1, people with hip or knee osteoarthritis, glucosamine supplements did not significantly improve osteoarthritis pain or function compared with a placebo 6. On the other hand, a analysis showed small improvements in knee osteoarthritis pain with regular use of glucosamine sulfate, though the authors suggested that higher-quality data is needed 7.
After 6 months, chondroitin sulfate led to similar pain scores as celecoxib and significantly lower scores than the placebo. Thus, the authors concluded that chondroitin sulfate may be an effective pain remedy for those with knee osteoarthritis pain However, the overall quality of studies was low In the same review, the supplement was not found to improve joint mobility or function compared with a placebo Though the two can be taken separately, glucosamine and chondroitin are commonly taken as a single supplement.
This combination has been more extensively studied. Meanwhile, chondroitin alone led to minor improvements in pain On the other hand, another analysis observed a significant improvement in pain scores when glucosamine and chondroitin were taken together, while no improvements were found when the supplements were taken separately Similarly, a sponsored study showed that combining 1, mg of glucosamine hydrochloride with 1, mg of chondroitin sulfate effectively reduced knee osteoarthritis pain, stiffness, and swelling compared with mg of the osteoarthritis NSAID celecoxib Another study also found that combined glucosamine and chondroitin supplements were comparably effective as celecoxib Ultimately, no firm conclusions can be made on the effectiveness of glucosamine, chondroitin, or the two combined as a treatment for osteoarthritic pain or stiffness.
Due to the large inconsistency in results and quality of available research, continued research is needed. Taken together or individually, both glucosamine and chondroitin may provide minor relief from osteoarthritis pain. Clegg DO, et al. Glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, and the two in combination for painful knee osteoarthritis. New England Journal of Medicine, 8 : — Drugs for osteoarthritis Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics, 56 : 80— Gabay C, et al. Symptomatic effects of chondroitin 4 and chondroitin 6 sulfate on hand osteoarthritis.
Arthritis and Rheumatism, 63 11 : — Glucosamine Scott D Osteoarthritis of the hip, search date May Scott D, Kowalczyk A Osteoarthritis of the knee, search date October Credits Current as of: August 5, Top of the page Next Section: Related Information. Previous Section: References Top of the page. Current as of: August 5, Arthritis can happen at any age. Here, you can find management and treatment information specifically created for the more than 6, Australian children living with Home Managing arthritis Living with arthritis Complementary treatments and therapies Glucosamine and chondroitin.
Glucosamine and chondroitin This sheet has been written to provide general information about glucosamine and chondroitin for people with arthritis. Introduction Research is mixed on whether glucosamine and chondroitin are effective for arthritis. What is glucosamine? What is chondroitin? Why are these supplements supposed to help arthritis? What does the research say? Summary While the evidence for whether glucosamine and chondroitin will help your arthritis is low, these supplements are considered safe for most people to try.
What is the recommended dose? Glucosamine sulfate: mg per day Glucosamine hydrochloride: mg per day note, glucosamine sulfate is suggested to be more effective Chondroitin sulfate: — mg per day Different brands contain different amounts of glucosamine and chondroitin.
What are the possible risks? Shellfish allergy: most glucosamine supplements are made from shellfish, although some made from non-shellfish sources are now available. Bleeding: people taking the blood thinning medicine warfarin should talk to their doctor before starting, stopping or changing their dose of glucosamine or chondroitin.
These supplements may interact with warfarin and make the blood less likely to clot or increase the risk of bleeding. Diabetes: glucosamine is a type of sugar so check with your doctor before taking glucosamine if you have diabetes. Pregnant or breastfeeding women: there have not been enough long-term studies to clearly say that glucosamine is safe for a developing baby. Pregnant women should talk to their doctor before taking glucosamine.
Other side effects: upset stomach for example, diarrhoea , headaches, and skin reactions. Australian Rheumatology Association and Arthritis Australia Statement regarding the use of glucosamine for the treatment of Osteoarthritis Recent media reports have raised concern over the use of glucosamine in the treatment of osteoarthritis. These reports appear to be based on two unrelated recent events: A change in recommendation by the American College of Rheumatology ACR [1] In October the ACR updated their guidelines for the management of osteoarthritis from a longstanding conditional recommendation against the use of glucosamine for osteoarthritis on the basis that it probably does not help , to a strong recommendation against the use of glucosamine for osteoarthritis on the basis that it convincingly does not help.
A recent paper highlighting the known risks associated with glucosamine, particularly in people with shellfish allergy [2] This paper reviewed glucosamine related adverse drug reactions reported to the Therapeutic Goods Administration between , including 43 classified as severe, possibly related to the known risks of glucosamine in those with shellfish allergy. Arthritis Australia and Australian Rheumatology Association comment: This information highlights growing evidence that glucosamine does not help people with osteoarthritis and is a reminder that people with shellfish allergy should not take glucosamine which is commonly derived from shellfish.
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How much do we know about glucosamine and chondroitin supplements? We have some information about the safety and usefulness of glucosamine and chondroitin from large, high-quality studies in people. What do we know about the effectiveness of glucosamine and chondroitin supplements? What do we know about the safety of glucosamine and chondroitin supplements? Studies have found that glucosamine and chondroitin supplements may interact with the anticoagulant blood-thinning drug warfarin Coumadin.
Overall, studies have not shown any other serious side effects. If you take glucosamine or chondroitin supplements, tell your health care providers. They can do a better job caring for you if they know what dietary supplements you use.
What Are Glucosamine and Chondroitin? More information. For the Knee or Hip Glucosamine Major studies of glucosamine for osteoarthritis of the knee have had conflicting results. Most participants in the study had mild knee pain. Those who received the prescription drug had better short-term pain relief at 6 months than those who received a placebo. Overall, those who received the supplements had no significant improvement in knee pain or function, although the investigators saw evidence of improvement in a small subgroup of patients with moderate-to-severe pain who took glucosamine and chondroitin together.
In several European studies, participants reported that their knees felt and functioned better after taking glucosamine. The study participants took a large, once-a-day dose of a preparation of glucosamine sulfate sold as a prescription drug in Europe.
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